Ayah Eca

This research tests the influence of a company’s financial distress on its accounting conservatism. The issue of this research is the prediction difference between positive accounting theory and signaling theory about the influence of a company’s financial distress on its accounting conservatism. Sample in this study consists of manufacturing companies that were listed at Jakarta Stock Exchange since 1994 to 2002. Sample consists of 108 companies or 864 observations. This study develops a testing and developing procedure of accounting conservatism instrumental variables by using more accounting conservatism attributes. Hypotheses are examined by using Ordinary Least Squares Regression and Generalized Method of Moments Regression. The results of empirical tests indicate that a company’s financial condition positively influences its accounting conservatism. These support signaling theory prediction. Keywords: conservatism , financial distress , positive accounting theory , signaling...

Accounting standards are needed so that financial statements will fairly and consistently describe financial performance. Without standards, users of financial statements would need to learn the accounting rules of each company, and comparisons between companies would be difficult. Accounting standards used today are referred to as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). These principles are "generally accepted" because an authoritative body has set them or the accounting profession widely accepts them as appropriate. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) The Securities and Exchange Commission is a U.S. regulatory agency that has the authority to establish accounting standards for publicly traded companies. The Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 require certain reports to be filed with the SEC. For example, Forms 10-Q and 10-K must be filed quarterly and annually, respectively. The head of the SEC is appointed by the President of th...