Ayah Eca

Let us assume that on a given date we have taken each of our ledgers and balanced all of the accounts within them. What do we do with them now? We put them together to form a " trial balance. " All the accounts should have been balanced off correctly and they will all be used. Those accounts which have their balances on the left hand side are our debtors and those balances will appear in the left hand column of the trial balance . Those accounts with their balances on the right hand side of the account are our creditors and those balances will appear on the right hand side of our trial balance . Remember that every transaction that a business carries out is recorded against two accounts (i.e. a double entry). Provided that the accounts were balanced correctly at the beginning of the accounting period then left column (Dr) and the right column (Cr) should total exactly the same . If they do not then a mistake has been made. The...

by Ken Delaney-Moore, Sheffield Hallam University Aims: This worksheet deals with: The need for objectivity and consistency within the accounting profession. The concepts of going concern, accruals, prudence, consistency, cost, materiality, business entity, money measurement, realisation and dual aspect. The main provisions of SSAP 2 After having completed the worksheet you should be able to explain these points. When you are done, please fill-in the on-line evaluation form in order for us to monitor the quality of the materials we provide for you. Tell us what we're doing right and wrong. It takes very little time, and your opinions are valued - thank you. Introduction Imagine that you are a business owner, and you take copies of your financial records ('books') to six different accountants. You ask each one to calculate your profit for the year. A fortnight later they each provide you wi...

Accounting Theory This article will help you understand an important distinction in accounting and bookkeeping- the difference between a credit and debit. When you deposit money in the bank, the cashier will tell you "I'll credit your account." From that experience, most people assume that cash is a credit, and so credits are good. That is further reinforced when reductions in the accounts are referred to as debits. Besides, if you remove the "i" from debit, you get "debt." So, debits are bad. Unfortunately, the conditioning we receive at the bank is causing real confusion in the accounting class. Why? Because in accounting we understand that the bank account is a debit account, and that debts are credit accounts - the opposite of what most people expect. In fact, debits and credits are neither good nor bad. Each transaction, whether it be a good transaction (deposits), or a bad transaction (bills) has both a debit and an equal credit. That...

Basic Accounting Model: Assets = Liabilities + Owners Equity Assets: The following are examples of items classified as assets: · Cash · Notes Receivable · Accounts Receivable · Prepaid Expenses · Land · Buildings · Equipment, Furniture and Fixtures Liabilities: The following are examples of items classified as liabilities: · Notes Payable · Accounts Payable · Accrued Liabilities T-Account Basics: Accounting is based on a double entry system which means that we record the dual effects of a business transaction. Therefore, each transaction affects at least two accounts. Debit: An entry affecting the left side of a T-Account. Credit: An entry affecting the right side of a T-Account. Increases in assets are recorded on the left side (debit) of the account. Decreases in assets are recorded on the right side (credit) of the account. Increases in liabilities and owners equity are recorded as a (credit). Decreases in liabilities and owners equity are recorded as a (debit). Accounting Terminolo...

The sequence of activities beginning with the occurrence of a transaction is known as the accounting cycle . This process is shown in the following diagram: Steps in The Accounting Cycle Identify the Transaction Identify the event as a transaction and generate the source document. Analyze the Transaction Determine the transaction amount, which accounts are affected, and in which direction. Journal Entries The transaction is recorded in the journal as a debit and a credit. Post to Ledger The journal entries are transferred to the appropriate T-accounts in the ledger. Trial Balance A trial balance is calculated to verify that the sum of the debits is equal to the sum of the credits. Adjusting Entries Adjusting entries are made for accrued and deferred items. The entries are journalized and posted to the T-accounts in the ledger. Adjusted Trial Balance A new trial balance is calculated after making the adjusting entries. Financial Statements The financial statements are...